8/4/2023 0 Comments Stain precipitateHow do you use toluidine blue in your lab? Because the dye is preferentially taken-up by injured cells, it can be used to identify damaged tissue in the genital tract, for instance. TB is also used in sexual assault forensic medical examinations. Although TB stains everything in the sample, structural details are especially prominent because the sections are so thin. ![]() It may also be useful in electron microscopy for staining thin sections of resin-embedded tissues, in order to help with the orientation and visualisation of samples. Other researchers may also use the stain simply because they come across something in tissue sections that needs to be identified. Similarly, researchers investigating any of these diseases or tissue components may also routinely examine TB-stained tissue sections. ![]() Additionally, it can be used as part of the screening process for certain cancers, such as oral cancer- since it binds the DNA of dividing cells, precancerous and cancerous cells take up more of the dye than normal cells. It is also used to highlight tissue components such as cartilage or certain types of mucin. In diagnostic labs, TB is widely used by pathologists to highlight mast cell granules. This stain is particularly helpful when they need to evaluate patients with pathological conditions that involve mast cells, including cancers, allergic inflammatory diseases, and gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome. This stain is used widely for both diagnostic and research purposes. One advantage of using TB is that it is a relatively simple stain to perform, and the staining process is much quicker than that of routine haematoxylin and eosin staining. In the case of TB, this strong, acidophilic, blue dye stains nuclei dark blue, but will stain mast cell granules and polysaccharides violet. This phenomenon refers to how a dye stains tissue components a different colour from the dye solution and the rest of the tissue. Many dyes can show metachromasia, but the thiazine group dyes such as TB are especially good for this type of staining. TB stains tissues via the phenomenon of ‘metachromasia’. It has a specific affinity for nucleic acids, and therefore binds to nuclear material of tissues with a high DNA and RNA content. ![]() This basic dye selectively stains acidic tissue components. Later it became known as TB, and began being used for medical purposes, in particular as a histological special stain to highlight certain components. Being mostly used in the dye industry, this was the first synthetic organic chemical dye. Initially it became known as aniline purple or ‘ Mauveine‘. Although he was working on the synthesis of quinine, Perkin instead produced a blue substance with good dyeing properties. It first emerged in 1856, courtesy of a British chemist called William Henry Perkin. ![]() Toluidine blue (TB) is a polychromatic dye which can absorb different colours depending on how it binds chemically with various tissue components.
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